Evaluation of the larvicidal efficacy of Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit) rags and rind ethanolic crude extracts against third to early fourth instar Aedes aegypti larvae

BLESSY MARIE A. ALIBO, MYANNA SHAREE P. FUENTES, GYDEL FAITH A. ORBINA, and CATHERINE JOY A. MEDIODIA

Philippine Science High School Western Visayas Campus – Department of Science and Technology (DOST-PSHSWVC), Brgy. Bito-on, Jaro, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines

Abstract

Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit) is a shrub that has high phytochemical content in its different plant parts. However, 60% of its fruit remains underutilized. This study evaluated the larvicidal activity of the crude extracts of A. heterophyllus rags, rind, and combined rags and rind against third to early fourth instar Aedes aegypti larvae. Larvicidal bioassay was performed using concentrations ranging from 500–2500 ppm. Larval mortality data were recorded after 48 hours of exposure and were analyzed using Probit analysis. The A. heterophyllus rags and rind crude extracts showed high larval percent mortality rates of 70%-90%. The rind crude extract has the highest larvicidal efficacy since it has the lowest LC50 and LC90 values of 1136 ppm and 2500 ppm, respectively. The promising larvicidal activities shown by the treatments may be attributed to the abundance of triterpenes, saponins, tannins, and glycosides that was found using qualitative phytochemical analysis. Thus, the crude extracts of A. heterophyllus rags and rind may be used as alternatives to synthetic larvicides.

Keywords: Artocarpus heterophyllus, Aedes aegypti, biolarvicide, larvicidal bioassay, phytochemical analysis

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